{"id":88757,"date":"2022-12-02T05:25:30","date_gmt":"2022-12-02T05:25:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/worldofculture2020.com\/?p=88757"},"modified":"2022-12-02T05:34:36","modified_gmt":"2022-12-02T05:34:36","slug":"%d9%81%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%81%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ac%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%b9-%d8%b9%d9%86%d8%af-%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worldofculture2020.com\/?p=88757","title":{"rendered":"\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633.. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u064a\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong>. \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 “. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a (\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627) \u0639\u0627\u0645 1848\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a 14 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\/ \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 1883. \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062c\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a: \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f: 44\u060c \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 (\u0622\u0628)\u060c 1981\u0635(67-68).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0– Encyclopedia Britannica Fact matter: Karl Marx.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0– http:\/\/www.britannica<\/em><\/strong>.com\/EBchecked\/topic\/367265\/Karl-Marx<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[1])<\/sup>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a: \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639<\/strong>\u060c\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635(67).<\/span><\/p>\n

*<\/a>* \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span><\/p>\n

– Hannah Arendt: On Revolution<\/em><\/strong>, Chapter II titled The Social Question<\/em><\/strong>, Penguin Books, London. 1999, p.(61).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[2])<\/sup> \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0639\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u06371\u060c 2007\u060c \u0635(104).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[3])<\/sup>\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062f: \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u2013 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c 1994\u060c \u0635(103).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[4])<\/sup> \u0628\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0634 \u0632\u0644\u0646\u064a: \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u062b\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c 1990\u060c \u0635(21).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[5])<\/sup> \u0647\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0639\u0635\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u06371\u060c 2008\u060c \u0635(53).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>([6])<\/sup> Alex Callinicos: The Revolutionary Ideas of KARL Marx<\/em><\/strong>, Bookmarks Publications Ltd, London and Sydney,Third reprint, 2004, p.(81).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>([7])<\/sup> Erich Fromm: Marx’s Concept of Man- Milestones of Thought,<\/em><\/strong>Translation by: T. B. Bottomore, Frederick Ungar Publishing CO. New York, 1961, p.(v).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[8])<\/sup> \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062c\u062f\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0632\u064a: \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629<\/strong> (\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629)<\/strong>\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 1998\u060c \u0635(70).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[9])<\/sup>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0627\u0636: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u2013 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u06371\u060c 2021\u060c\u0635(279).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[10])<\/sup> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646: \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/strong> \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0634\u0644\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c 2012\u060c \u0635(145-146).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>([11])<\/sup> Hannah Arendt: On Revolution<\/em><\/strong>, op.cit, p.(63).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>([12])<\/sup> Ibid, p.(62).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[13]) <\/sup>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u062c\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u06371\u060c 2010- 2011\u060c \u0635(16).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[14])<\/sup> \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0643 (111)\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0635(11).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[15])<\/sup>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0627\u0636: \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u060c 2020-2021 \u060c\u0635(1).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[16])<\/sup> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0634: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a- \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c 2012\u060c \u0635(175).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[17])<\/sup> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629: \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/strong>\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0641\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c 1976\u060c \u0635(113).<\/span><\/p>\n

*<\/a> \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639(\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642). \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627: \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u06371\u060c 1998\u060c \u0635(73- 78).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[18])<\/sup> \u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 2011\u060c \u0635(155).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[19])<\/sup> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629: \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/strong> \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635(116).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[20])<\/sup> \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a: \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621:5\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635(627).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>([21])<\/sup> Alex Callinicos: The Revolutionary Ideas of KARL Marx<\/em><\/strong>, op.cit, p.(87).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[22])<\/sup> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629: \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/strong> \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635(116).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[23])<\/sup> \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0632\u0631 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646: \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621:2\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0635(189).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[24])<\/sup> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629: \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/strong> \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635(117).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[25])<\/sup> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0634: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a- \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635(176).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[26])<\/sup> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639<\/strong>\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u06371\u060c 2008\u060c \u0635(88).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[27])<\/sup> \u0647\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635(53).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[28])<\/sup> \u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635(156).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[29])<\/sup> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635(89).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[30])<\/sup> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629: \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/strong> \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635(117- 118).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[31])<\/sup> \u0647\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635(66).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[32])<\/sup> \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u0632: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u064a\u0627\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c 2010\u060c \u0635(95).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[33])<\/sup> \u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 1986\u060c \u0635(480).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[34])<\/sup> \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u0642 \u062c\u0644\u0628\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639<\/strong>\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c 2011\u060c \u0635(110).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[35])<\/sup> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c <\/strong>\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0635(261).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[36])<\/sup> \u0647\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635(55).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>(<\/sup>[37])<\/sup> \u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627: \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0635(73- 78).<\/span><\/p>\n